hampoo is not just a grooming staple; it’s a ubiquitous product found in households worldwide. Yet, despite its widespread use, many of us may not fully grasp the intricacies of how and why we use it. Beyond its apparent purpose of cleaning, understanding the composition, function, and potential impacts of shampoo is crucial for effective grooming practices and the wellbeing of our pets.
At the heart of shampoo lies a combination of surfactants, detergents and sometimes alcohols. These ingredients work to attract and suspend dirt and oils from the hair and skin until rinsed away. Sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) and sodium laureth sulfate (SLES) are among the most common surfactants used in shampoos, renowned for their effective cleansing properties. However, their reputation for harshness often raises concerns, with some likening their potency to degreasers used in industrial settings. It’s a valid comparison, considering the potent cleansing capabilities of these surfactants. Yet, it’s essential to remember that in controlled quantities, even potent substances like these can serve beneficial functions. After all, we brush our teeth with toothpaste containing similar ingredients, albeit in smaller concentrations.
Recognizing the potential drawbacks of traditional shampoos, some groomers opt for “detergent-free” or “soap-free” alternatives. Despite the label, these products still contain mild surfactants derived from plants, which offer gentler cleansing without the harshness associated with SLS or SLES. However, more lather equates to better cleaning, but it overlooks the fact that excessive bubbles can exacerbate the stripping of natural oils. This effect is akin to the drying sensation experienced when using dish soap, where the same cleansing properties can leave hands feeling parched and in need of hydration.
Just as water, a life-sustaining substance, can be deadly in excessive amounts (as tragically demonstrated by cases of water toxicity), the key lies in moderation and understanding. Shampoos, too, fall into this category.
A common misconception among pet owners is the belief that shampoo alone can address all skin and coat concerns. However, as previously discussed, the primary function of shampoo is to cleanse, not to moisturize or treat underlying skin issues. While some shampoos may contain added oils or ingredients purported to nourish the skin, their efficacy in this regard is limited by their cleansing nature. In essence, attempting to strip away oils while replenishing them with added ingredients simultaneously may yield conflicting results, ultimately undermining the intended outcome.
Furthermore, the process of bathing itself is not merely mechanical but also chemical in nature. If it were solely a matter of mechanical agitation, water alone would suffice for cleansing. However, the addition of surfactants and detergents facilitates the removal of dirt and oils by breaking down surface tension and suspending debris for easy rinsing. This chemical process requires time for the surfactants to interact with the dirt and oils effectively. Rushing through the bathing process or rinsing too quickly can limit the efficacy of the shampoo, necessitating a second application to ensure thorough cleaning.
Moreover, the stability of shampoo formulations, once diluted with water, is another factor to consider. When mixed, shampoo undergoes a chemical reaction and begins to degrade over time, rendering it less effective and potentially fostering bacterial growth. Preparing shampoo in advance and storing it for extended periods of time increases the risk of contamination and product degradation, therefore compromising its efficacy and safety for use on pets.
In light of these considerations, selecting the right shampoo for grooming requires careful evaluation and discernment. With an abundance of products available on the market—each boasting various claims and benefits—it can be challenging to navigate the landscape of grooming supplies. However, prioritizing efficacy, safety and the wellbeing of the pets in our care should guide our decision-making process.
By staying informed, remaining open to new information and techniques, and prioritizing the welfare of the animals entrusted to their care, groomers can continually improve their craft and enhance the grooming experience for pets and their owners alike.
Dr. Cliff Faver graduated with a BS in Biology/BA in Chemistry before getting a Veterinary degree in 1987. He is the past owner of Animal Health Services in Cave Creek, Arizona and now the US distributor for Iv San Bernard products, teaches the ISB Pet Aesthetician Certification program, and speaks internationally on hair and skin. His passion is to merge groomers and veterinarians to aid in helping and healing pets. He is also a member of AVMA, AAHA, AZVMA, Board member with Burbank Kennel Club, and has served on Novartis Lead Committee, Hill’s International Global Veterinary Board, and a Veterinary Management Group.