The 2024 Cat Issue typography
Self-care for the Cat Groomer typography
8 Facts That Make Cats “Uniquely Feline” typography
Cats and Conditioner: Is it Necessary? typography
Photo provided by Lexie Goldsmith
August 2024

“The Grooming Industry’s Trade Magazine!”

Contents | August 2024

14

The Charleston Cat Groomer: Going Above and Beyond for Cats and Their Owners article graphic

by Kathy Hosler

28

8 Facts That Make Cats “Uniquely Feline” article graphic

by Daryl Conner

Editorial Staff
Editor/President
Todd Shelly
todd@barkleigh.com
Chief Operations Officer
Assistant Editor
Gwen Shelly
gwen@barkleigh.com
Managing Editor
Rebecca Shipman
rebecca@barkleigh.com
WEB MASTER
Luke Dumberth
luke@barkleigh.com
ART DIRECTOR
Laura Pennington
laura@barkleigh.com
SR. GRAPHIC DESIGNER
Brandi Aurelio
brandi@barkleigh.com
JR. GRAPHIC DESIGNER
Carlee Kubistek
carlee@barkleigh.com
DIGITAL MARKETING
SOCIAL MEDIA COORDINATOR
Cassidy Ryman
cassidy@barkleigh.com
Marketing COORDINATOR
Allison Smith
allison@barkleigh.com
DIRECTOR OF MARKETING & CLIENT RELATIONS
James Severs
james@barkleigh.com
ACCOUNT MANAGER/EXECUTIVE ASSISTANT
Karin Grottola
karin@barkleigh.com
ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT
Britany Smith
britany@barkleigh.com
Columnists
Kathy Hosler
Daryl Conner
Mary Oquendo
Lynn Paolillo
Dr. Cliff Faver
Jennifer Bishop Jenkins
Blake Hernandez
Copyright August 2024. Groomer to Groomer is published monthly by Barkleigh Productions, Inc, 970 West Trindle Road, Mechanicsburg PA 17055. Postmaster: Send change of address to Groomer to Groomer c/o Barkleigh Productions, Inc., 970 West Trindle Road, Mechanicsburg PA 17055. Annual U.S. subscription rate $25. Outside U.S. $79. year, surface rates. Groomer to Groomer is free to current Barkleigh Productions, Inc. customers. No part of this publication may be reproduced without written permission of the publisher. Editorial offices: 970 West Trindle Road, Mechanicsburg PA 17055. (717) 691–3388 FAX: (717) 691–3381 Email: info@barkleigh.com
Better Cat Grooming
Cats & Conditioner: Is it Necessary? typography
vector illustration of woman washing a cat in a tub
by Lynn Paolillo
In the world of professional cat grooming, there are myriad of techniques and products that groomers rely on to keep their feline clients looking their best. One such product is conditioner, which is commonly used in human and dog grooming to enhance the softness and manageability of hair. However, when it comes to cats, the necessity and benefits of using conditioner are highly debated. This article delves into the reasons why conditioning may not be as beneficial for cats as it is for other animals and explores alternative approaches to maintaining a cat’s coat health.
When to Use Conditioner
Whether diluted, crème conditioner or leave-in spray, the function of any conditioner is to coat the hair with a thin layer of product. This acts as a barrier to help prevent damage to the hair caused by repeated brushing, chemicals like hair dye, and heat during blow-drying and styling. Knowing this, the use of conditioner makes sense in pet grooming when brushing out matted or compacted hair, in creative grooming, and when a heated dryer or styling tool, like a stand dryer, would be used for fluff-drying. A spray conditioner can also be beneficial for brushing in-between full grooming appointments, as recommended for many dogs. However, the majority of cat grooming services and techniques do not include the types of damage that conditioner is designed to prevent.

Cat mats are clumps of dead hair stuck together by excess skin oils, which means that small and mid-sized mats release more easily with just a comb once the hair is thoroughly cleaned and blown dry. Mats that are larger than what can be comfortably combed out should be shaved out. This is not only to prevent the cat from becoming upset by extensive mat removal, but also because the matted hair is dead and damaged, meaning it can’t be brushed out and left long.

The Natural Oils Debate
One of the key arguments against the use of conditioners on cats revolves around their natural oils. Cats produce sebaceous oils that coat their fur. These oils are essential for maintaining the health and functionality of a cat’s coat. When groomers use conditioner, there’s a risk of disrupting the natural-oil balance by leaving product behind in the fur and on the skin, preventing the natural oils from performing their protective functions.

In human hair care, over-conditioning is an issue that can lead to limp, greasy hair that lacks volume. The same principle applies to cats. Having conditioner in the cat’s fur can also attract more dirt and debris, which negates the purpose of grooming in the first place and can cause mats to form more quickly.

Professional groomers need to be especially cautious of this when working with longhaired breeds, such as Persians or Maine Coons, whose fur can become easily weighed down by excess product. The goal should always be to enhance the natural beauty and health of the coat without overwhelming it with unnecessary products.

The Risk of Reactions
Cats have sensitive skin that can react adversely to certain grooming products, including conditioners. Ingredients commonly found in conditioners, such as fragrances, preservatives and silicones, have the potential to cause skin irritations or even allergic reactions. Shampoos are rinsed off within a few minutes of application, but as discussed above, the function of conditioner is to create an artificial barrier of product that stays behind even after rinsing.

In addition to not wanting conditioner residue to stay on the cat’s skin and coat, remember that cats lick themselves frequently; therefore, they can ingest any products left in the coat after grooming. Groomers should be considerate of the types and amounts of products that will remain once the cat leaves the grooming salon.

By focusing on pre-bath preparation, using high-quality cat shampoos, ensuring thorough rinsing and adopting proper drying techniques, groomers can achieve the desired results for each cat.
Cat Breed Standards
While not all cats are show cats, referencing and incorporating breed standards should be something all professional groomers consider. The CFA (Cat Fanciers Association) emphasizes the natural beauty, texture and appearance of each cat’s coat. For instance, the CFA breed standard for Persian cats calls for a long, flowing coat that “stands off the body,” meaning it should be light, airy and voluminous. The use of conditioners can weigh down the coat, causing it to lose its natural fluffiness, resulting in a less desirable appearance.

Similarly, for breeds like the Maine Coon, which are known for their rugged, water-repellent coats, conditioners can alter the coat’s natural texture. This can lead to a soft, silky finish that is contrary to the breed’s standard of a more coarse and resilient coat.

Even shorthaired cats can have different hair colors and textures, which should be enhanced, not covered in product. For example, the Chartreux specifies a coat that is “slightly woolly in texture.” Whether a cat is pedigreed or not, a thorough assessment should be done before each groom so that products and techniques can be chosen to work with that particular cat’s natural features.

Best Practices and Alternatives
Investing in high-quality, cat-specific shampoos is critical. These shampoos are formulated to thoroughly cleanse both hair and skin of excess oils, dirt and debris. Products should be adjusted based on the cat’s coat length, texture, current condition and how frequently they are getting groomed.

Show cats bathed weekly have many more options, including conditioning products as needed, because they are then bathed again within a few days to a week. Whereas a cat that only visits the grooming salon every few months should have a groom that focuses on deep cleansing and degreasing in order to remove the buildup of dead hair and skin oils.

Rinsing thoroughly is a crucial step in cat grooming. Ensuring that all the product is washed out will help in keeping the coat healthy and clean. Since conditioners can be more challenging to rinse out completely, avoiding them simplifies this process.

Once the coat is squeaky clean, it is important to dry them completely down to the skin. Start by using a towel to blot (not rub) excess water and then preferably use a non-heated HV dryer. A flat nozzle is great for blasting water and dead hair out while being incredibly gentle with the cat’s skin and healthy, live hair.

By focusing on pre-bath preparation, using high-quality cat shampoos, ensuring thorough rinsing and adopting proper drying techniques, groomers can achieve the desired results for each cat. Encouraging clients to bring their cat in frequently for bath and blow-dry appointments will also help improve the cat’s coat condition and keep them free from tangles and matting. As with any grooming practice, understanding the unique needs of each cat and tailoring the approach accordingly is essential for success.

Groom, Bond, Grow:
Fostering Team Spirit in the Grooming Industry
digital illustration of people coming together
“Remember, alone we can do so little; together we can do so much.”
– Helen Keller
digital illustration of people coming together
by Kim Kier
In our grooming salons, where every snip and trim matters, the one thing that seems to be the hardest is motivating and encouraging the wonderful team we spend our days with. As passionate groomers, we understand the importance of collaboration, encouragement and positivity in our workplaces, but we just haven’t quite figured out the “how.” The following aims to provide some creative ideas to help nurture a vibrant and motivated team environment.
Bring Some Togetherness To Your Salon
Host a game night: Set up a fun game night at work complete with snacks and board games. It’s a fantastic opportunity for your team to unwind, bond and get to know each other beyond work tasks.
Have dress-up days: Stir some fin into your workplace by organizing themed dress-up days. Whether it’s a ‘70s TV show theme or a day to dress up as your favorite musician, this is a playful way to add some excitement to the work week.
Celebrate special events: Make it a habit to celebrate birthdays, milestones and achievements within your team. Remembering and celebrating each team member’s birthday will certainly make them feel appreciated and welcomed.
Schedule staff meetings: Regular staff meetings to discuss goals, review updates and foster open communication provide an opportunity for everyone to share ideas, address concerns and strengthen team cohesion. Providing lunch or a special treat will make meetings more appealing to staff!
Make your own “Snap Cups:” Take a cue from the movie Legally Blonde and introduce Snap Cups in your salon. Place one cup at each station and encourage team members to express appreciation for each other daily by writing down something complimentary. It’s a simple yet effective way to spread positivity and boost morale.
Success Is Always Better With Company
Sign up for a class together: Research and sign up for a specialized grooming class or workshop that interests everyone. Whether it’s mastering a new grooming technique, learning about pet first aid or exploring creative grooming trends, embarking on this learning journey together will not only enhance your skills, but also strengthen your bond as a team. Plus, sharing the experience and knowledge gained from the class will enrich your salon’s services and delight your clients.
Take a road trip to a trade show: Explore the latest grooming tools, products and innovations while connecting with fellow groomers and industry experts. Immerse yourselves in grooming competitions, attend informative seminars and discover new trends that will elevate your salon’s offerings. The road trip itself will be filled with laughter, bonding and unforgettable memories that will energize and inspire your team.
Teach each other your best tips: Create a fun and interactive grooming exchange session within your salon. Each groomer can take turns showcasing their unique techniques, tricks and shortcuts that they’ve mastered over the years. Encourage open discussion, questions and experimentation to foster a collaborative learning environment. Not only will this exchange of knowledge improve your grooming skills, but it will also strengthen camaraderie and mutual respect among your team members.
Encourage and assist with team members’ goals: Show genuine interest in your team members’ professional and personal goals. Schedule one-on-one meetings or casual check-ins to discuss their aspirations, challenges and progress. Offer support, encouragement, and guidance to help them overcome obstacles and achieve their goals. Whether it’s mastering a specific grooming technique, advancing their career or achieving work-life balance, let them know that you’re there to support them. And don’t forget to celebrate their achievements—no matter how big or small.
Celebrate Each Other With Some Fun And Creative Awards
“Best Deshed of the Month:” Create a special “Deshed Champion” crown or tiara and crown the winner of the month during a staff meeting or gathering, complete with applause and cheers.
“Best ‘Matted to Marvelous’ Makeover:” Present the winner with a pair of decorative scissors, symbolizing their exceptional grooming skills. You can even engrave their name and the award category on the scissors for a personalized touch.
“Best-Kept Grooming Station:” Surprise the winner by decorating their grooming station with balloons, streamers and personalized banners celebrating their achievement. Consider adding a practical gift like a new grooming tool or storage organizer.
“Best Customer Service:” Create a dedicated bulletin board or digital display where clients can leave notes of appreciation for their favorite groomers. The person with the most notes at the end of each month can be awarded the winner with special recognition and perhaps a gift card for their favorite lunch or coffee spot.
These ideas not only recognize the hard work and dedication of your fellow groomers, but also promote a positive and supportive team culture within your salon. Remember to personalize the celebrations to suit the preferences and personalities of your team members for maximum impact and fun.

A motivated and engaged team in the grooming salon requires proactive leadership, effective communication and genuine appreciation. By leading by example, sharing your vision and supporting employee growth, you can cultivate a dynamic team environment that drives success. Let’s shine and grow together!

Kim Kier is the owner/groomer of Little Barks Grooming & Boutique, an award-winning luxury salon in Columbia, South Carolina. She is also a Master Pet Aesthetician, Professional Grooming Credential (World Pet Association), Master Groomer Behavior Specialist, Fear Free Professional, Low Stress Handling Level Silver Certified, and Certified Puppy Consultant.

Salon Spotlight
The Charleston Cat Groomer: Going Above and Beyond for Cats and Their Owners
by Kathy Hosler
Photos by Shannon Baker
I love a challenge, and cats will challenge you every time,” says Whitney Bullock, CFMG and owner of The Charleston Cat Groomer. “Every day and every cat is different.”

Whitney began her feline-filled career as a receptionist at a cat-exclusive veterinary clinic where she advanced to become a vet tech and also learned how to groom cats.

“That was before cat grooming was really very popular at all,” she says. “We are in a big area for purebred cats. I realized that there was a huge need for cat groomers and the services they provide. So I became a Certified Master Cat Groomer, opened a mobile cat business, and then opened my salon, The Charleston Cat Groomer.

“Even though I had lots of experience and was confident in my grooming skills, I felt that I needed to become certified,” Whitney continues. “I wanted my clients to know that I cared about what I was doing enough to get certified. It really gives people peace of mind if you’ve gotten some intensive training to do what you do best.”

Whitney found a great location for her salon in a small shopping center in Mt. Pleasant, South Carolina. Her unit used to be a wine store so she had to remodel the space and revamp the plumbing and electric to accommodate her tub and dryers. The Charleston Cat Groomer opened about five years ago, just before COVID hit. However, for Whitney, the timing couldn’t have been better…

“We sell our cat hair to the allergy testing facility, so we were considered a medically necessary business,” shares Whitney. “During COVID, I and my two assistants were busier than we have ever been. Because almost everyone was at home 24/7, looking at their dirty, shedding cats, business was booming at The Charleston Cat Groomer. We had parking lot drop-off during the pandemic. I would meet the owner at their car, then bring the cat inside. It worked fine.”

As someone who requires their work keep them interested and involved, Whitney looks forward to each day, because with cat grooming there’s never a dull moment.

“The thing I like least is when we can’t do a cat,” she says. “It’s disappointing to us and to the owner. It’s always frustrating when you can’t complete a groom, but you have to do what’s best for the animal. We do have a mobile vet that comes to sedate at the salon. We are lucky to have that option.”

Whitney also offers another unique service, which is listed on her website, www.charlestoncatgroomer.com, called “Groomer From Afar.” This is a virtual service through which she offers consultations for people who don’t have cat groomers in their area.

Storefront of The Charleston Cat Groomer with a sign and logo featuring a woman petting a cat.
illustration of buildings
“The people go on the website and book a virtual consultation just like they would book a grooming appointment,” Whitney explains. “I tailor it to each person depending on what they want to learn. Sometimes it’s just how to clip their cat’s nails. We do a Zoom call and I always try to have a cat in my salon similar to one they have so I can demonstrate what they need to do. After the Zoom call, we email the owner everything we talked about and include a list of things they will need to buy to get their cat in the condition that they want.

“I think my most exciting call was a lady from Ireland,” she continues. “There were no cat groomers within about 200 miles from her, but through Groomer From Afar, her cat got the care that it needed.

“It’s so satisfying,” Whitney adds. “After the consultation, I get lots of good feedback and reviews. Many send pictures and short videos and they say things like, ‘Oh my gosh, I can’t believe I did it. Thanks so much!’”

Before and after grooming photos of cats at The Charleston Cat Groomer, showing transformations from shaggy to neatly groomed.
Whitney has always been a big advocate for educating owners about the grooming needs of their cats and the tremendous importance of learning how to care for them at home. When she worked at the veterinary clinic, she enjoyed showing people how to safely clip their cat’s nails and different ways to hold them when you brush them.

“Lots of people don’t realize that cats need regular grooming,” explains Whitney. “They have no idea how much maintenance these cats take. Just since I began cat grooming, there has been a huge difference in how much bigger and thicker the coats have become. The breeders know that people want these giant, luxurious coats, so there is a huge change in maintaining them.”

To further help cat owners, Whitney has an Amazon storefront called The Pineapple Cat Shop and a Shopify ecommerce site, www.pineapplecatshop.com, to sell cat grooming tools and equipment. The brand is actually a little tieback to Charleston, because in Charleston, pineapples are very popular and they are a symbol of southern hospitality.

Groomer handling a cat with protective equipment, back view of groomer with crossed straps, and groomer brushing a cat's fur.
“I see so much gimmicky cat stuff being sold. Much of it doesn’t work and some of it is downright dangerous,” Whitney says. “What I sell are the tools and items I use everyday and believe in. Owners just want to take good care of their cats and this is one way I can help them do it safely and correctly.”

She also has a new product she created for groomers and hair stylists called Strapped Aprons. It’s a clear apron with detachable, interchangeable straps that protects your clothing but doesn’t cover up your “style.”

Whitney gets a lot of business through her website, but she says that her Instagram page, @whitneybullockcfmg, has really helped her brand and her business. She posts every single day and has over 100,000 followers on Instagram, and she is one of the few that answers every message she gets. Whitney also makes educational tutorials and fun videos, and even has a cat, King Monty, who has become an Instagram sensation. One of his viral videos has had over 12 million views.

As busy as she is, this energetic go-getter still finds time for her family and fun. A self-proclaimed beach bum, Whitney says that they live close to the beach and can be found there most every weekend. And, loving all things Disney, they visit the park several times a year. Whitney and her husband were even married at Disney World.

Being able to balance her professional and personal life keeps Whitney Bullock looking forward to each new day. And The Charleston Cat Groomer and the Pineapple Cat Shop ensure that all of the feline families they serve are provided the best care and service possible.

illustration of buildings
Groomer’s Guide
Going With the Grain: An Argument Against Shaving Cats typography in a rectangle speech bubble
by Jennifer Bishop Jenkins
It goes without saying that cat grooming is different than dog grooming. And while a lot of the differences are widely accepted, some of the most important differences in grooming cats are not obvious or even visible because they are anatomical, involving microscopic differences in cat skin and coat. Equipment and procedures that are fine for dog grooming are often not safe for cats.

The famous “Cat Daddy” and Animal Planet TV star, Jackson Galaxy, uses a perfect analogy to describe cat skin, cautioning us that it is “tissue-paper thin.” And veterinary science completely backs him up on that description. The thickness of a cat’s skin varies with species, breed and location, but ranges from 0.4 to 2 mm. In comparison, dogs’ skin thickness ranges from 0.5 to 5 mm. Even hairless cats, with their slightly thicker skin, still have microscopic vellus hairs to provide some protection. To underscore the severity of the thinness of their skin, cats can even get a unique condition called “skin fragility syndrome.”1

vector illustration of woman and man arguing
The facts about cats’ dangerously thin skin and vitally protective and abundant fur coat raise questions about the practice of routine shaving of cats by pet groomers everywhere. So, should cats be shaved?

The answer, as with many complex questions, is “it depends.” No one is suggesting that heavily matted cats can be brushed out. They cannot. There are, however, other alternatives and mitigations that are much healthier for the cat than complete shave-downs or even the popular “lion cut.” A full shave of the torso of a cat is almost never necessary, and potentially unhealthy for the cat. It is especially wrong if it is being done unnecessarily. Other options include requiring more regularly scheduled grooms, teaching the owner to assist with home care, pre-soaking in conditioners, spot shaving, or even shaving certain areas like rear pantaloons or bellies that cats spend so much time sitting on. All of these are much better for the wellbeing of a cat than a shave of the full torso.

vector illustration of woman and man arguing
by Jennifer Bishop Jenkins
It goes without saying that cat grooming is different than dog grooming. And while a lot of the differences are widely accepted, some of the most important differences in grooming cats are not obvious or even visible because they are anatomical, involving microscopic differences in cat skin and coat. Equipment and procedures that are fine for dog grooming are often not safe for cats.

The famous “Cat Daddy” and Animal Planet TV star, Jackson Galaxy, uses a perfect analogy to describe cat skin, cautioning us that it is “tissue-paper thin.” And veterinary science completely backs him up on that description. The thickness of a cat’s skin varies with species, breed and location, but ranges from 0.4 to 2 mm. In comparison, dogs’ skin thickness ranges from 0.5 to 5 mm. Even hairless cats, with their slightly thicker skin, still have microscopic vellus hairs to provide some protection. To underscore the severity of the thinness of their skin, cats can even get a unique condition called “skin fragility syndrome.”1

The facts about cats’ dangerously thin skin and vitally protective and abundant fur coat raise questions about the practice of routine shaving of cats by pet groomers everywhere. So, should cats be shaved?

The answer, as with many complex questions, is “it depends.” No one is suggesting that heavily matted cats can be brushed out. They cannot. There are, however, other alternatives and mitigations that are much healthier for the cat than complete shave-downs or even the popular “lion cut.” A full shave of the torso of a cat is almost never necessary, and potentially unhealthy for the cat. It is especially wrong if it is being done unnecessarily. Other options include requiring more regularly scheduled grooms, teaching the owner to assist with home care, pre-soaking in conditioners, spot shaving, or even shaving certain areas like rear pantaloons or bellies that cats spend so much time sitting on. All of these are much better for the wellbeing of a cat than a shave of the full torso.

Whether it should be or not, this is controversial in our industry. So, it helps to take a step back and try to see this whole issue with new eyes, as if we had just arrived from living on another planet entirely and knew nothing about pet grooming at all.
Common sense might ask, why remove all the hair from a thin-skinned creature like a cat when it is not necessary? Is entirely removing hair “caring” for the coat? We cat groomers are hired by our clients to care knowledgeably for skin and hair, so is shaving vital or necessary, or is it just preference or even laziness?
The next question must be, what other mitigations might allow some preservation of their abundant and natural hair over their very thin skin? Can they be spot-shaved? What about a “belly smoothie” or a shorter rear end? Can we prevent matting by trimming some of the length of the coat with scissors or an attachment comb on clippers? Can we, at the very least, preserve the most important area of their coat—the top and along their spine and upper torso, often called the “jacket” area on a dog? This is where the sun and weather would hit them first and where they need the most protection.
Cats (except hairless breeds) have three kinds of hairs: guard hairs, which are primary, fully formed and provide the most protection; awn hairs make up the middle coat; and down hairs are the wooly undercoat that come in and fall out seasonally. Like double-coated dogs, often just keeping the cat’s significant undercoat regularly bathed, conditioned and combed out will prevent any problems that would later require shaving.

Yes, we need to take time with the owners to educate them so that they, too, can understand the vital role that hair and skin play in their cat’s health. We can stock and sell them the right combs and equipment to help maintain the coat. We can offer spot removal of mats while preserving what we can of their fur. At my salon, all the long-haired cats that we groom are mandated to be in for full or partial grooming on at least a two- or three-month schedule. The owners are happy to comply because this keeps the price down, their cats happier and healthier, and their homes cleaner of shedding.

labelled digital vector illustration of cat hair follicles
For cats that spend any time outdoors, shaving should be especially avoided. They are at special risk for injury, illness, parasites and a host of infections. Also, sunshine has been proven to damage the vital Langerhans cells that make up a cat’s immune system and can lead to cancer.

In addition, as with the problematic shaving of fur-type dogs, the wispy and less protective undercoat hairs, which are more prone to matting, grow back quickly and heavier after shaving. The more protective and important primary or guard hairs do not grow back as quickly or as well, especially in older cats or cats that are repeatedly shaved.

The next layer of this debate between the two schools of thought in cat grooming centers around shaving a cat “against the grain.” Cats’ hairs grow to a genetically pre-determined length; that is, they grow to a certain length and stop. In dogs, we call these coat types fur not hair. And as in dogs with fur-type coats, they should not be cut, especially not on the upper torso, unless truly necessary. Most importantly, cats’ fur generally grows—with some breed exceptions—in a direction, from the head towards the tail and from the top of the spine downward.

There are those that aggressively defend—even require—shaving against the direction of the natural lay of a cat’s hair. Having asked about this point of view, the rationale given to me was that it was artistically necessary to smooth out the cut without showing lines. Not surprisingly, this camp also has no problem doing lion cuts or complete shave-downs on the whole torso for reasons no more serious than owner request. A few have told me that full shave-downs are all they do when they groom cats. Every cat, every time. Shaving is cat grooming to them.

I align myself with the other school of thought; with those that see shaving cats as something that should be done only to remove tight mats, as minimally as possible and only where necessary, and never against the natural lay or direction of growth of the hair. Although I have successfully used a #7f blade, the safest way to remove matted or impacted coat from the thin, loose skin of a cat is to shave with a #10 blade, and always in the direction the fur grows to help preserve the hair follicles. Obviously there is much more to these procedures, which can only be learned with extensive, professional training.

Shaving a cat against the direction of the growth of the hair has several potential negative consequences. First, it can tear the delicate arrector pili muscle attached to the hair follicle. The arrector pili muscles function in thermoregulation by lifting the hair to make space for a layer of heat when the weather is cool or lying flat when the weather is warm. They are also important for giving social signals (i.e., raising their “hackles,” which is called piloerection). Shaving a cat against the hair growth can pull and stretch the arrector pili muscle and damage it.2

The argument also comes from the pro-shaving camp that cats are cooler and more comfortable if shaved. But, that is not a fact-based conclusion since cats do not have sweat glands that cool their skin. Cats have apocrine glands that hydrate inside the follicle, not exocrine glands, as humans do, which deliver hydration directly to the skin surface to cool it.

A final argument in contradiction of shaving against the natural lay of a cat’s coat has to do with the health of their hair follicles. Clipping a cat’s hair with a short blade against the grain pulls it the opposite direction from which it grows, causing the hair to pull away from the follicle and the way it normally lays. This leaves the hairs shorter than the level of the skin, causing the hair root to retreat inside the follicle below the skin level.

When the primary hair shaved backwards on a cat sinks down inside the follicle, it can clog or inhibit normal growth of that hair again, along with all the other hairs inside that same follicle.
Companies like Gillette brag about this feature of their multi-bladed shaving products for men’s beards that lift the hair before cutting it completely off, causing it to retreat upon relaxation well inside the hair follicle, for that “smoother shave.” The problem with this approach is what works to give men a smooth beard does not work to help cats’ skin. Cats have many hairs per follicle; humans only have one. When the primary hair shaved backwards on a cat sinks down inside the follicle, it can clog or inhibit normal growth of that hair again, along with all the other hairs inside that same follicle. Clippers carry bacteria which can now enter down inside the follicle on the receding hair. This can lead to cats getting itchy, the development of skin and follicle problems due to clogging, and it can hurt regrowth of healthy, normal hairs from that follicle.

We should always make our grooming decisions based on what is best for the cat. And it is the highest calling for us to make those decisions based on facts, science and published data where possible. We would all benefit from getting more data about the consequences of some of our grooming decisions. Until then, common sense and a love for these naturally beautiful cats will hopefully guide us to not destroy, but instead protect, their natural and abundant fur coats.

References
  1. Trotman TK, Mauldin E, Hoffmann V, et. al., (2007, October 18). Skin fragility syndrome in a cat with feline infectious peritonitis and hepatic lipidosis. Vet Dermatol. 18(5):365-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-3164.2007.00613.x. PMID: 17845626; PMCID: PMC7169342
  2. The Certified Cat Groomer. (2021). International Professional Groomers, Inc. and Professional Cat Groomers Association. Linda Easton, ICMG, Kim Raisanen, CMCG
It’s a Bathing Emergency! typography; a cat being bathed with detachable shower head
a cat being bathed with detachable shower head; woman wearing orange gloves bathing a cat
It’s a Bathing Emergency! typography
woman wearing orange gloves bathing a cat
by Lexie Goldsmith
Photos provided by Lexie Goldsmith
Yes, there is such a thing. The family home environment often contains toxins that can harm a cat’s health. A toxin can be any chemical substance that is a danger to an animal. And the chemical substance does not need to be ingested to become a health issue for a cat.

The skin is an organ that works as a protective layer; however, some chemicals, such as lipid-soluble substances, are absorbed by the skin, allowing them into the bloodstream to cause toxic effects on the body. And even if the chemical is not absorbed via infiltrating the skin, the cat may still lick itself, ingesting the chemical and causing issues internally.

It often falls on groomers to help with accidental spillage of substances or contact with toxins, which can include:

  • Toxic plants such as lilies
  • Petroleum, petroleum condensate, gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene, crude oil, or other hydrocarbon mixtures
  • Essential oils such as lavender, tea tree, peppermint, eucalyptus and citrus oils
  • Insecticides such as Organophosphates, phosphates, Permethrin, carbamates or pyrethrins
  • Herbicides
  • Cleaning products
  • Ethylene glycol (antifreeze)
  • Benzalkonium chloride
  • White spirit
  • Caustic sodas
Sometimes groomers are also asked to remove an external foreign body, such as non-toxic sticky glue, wax or skunk spray. These will need removed differently from a toxin or poison. Clipping may be helpful for very thick or hardened substances, but usually a vet will do this, as there is a higher risk of skin injury if you cannot see the skin. 

Any substance that has damaged the skin, such as a chemical burn, will require veterinary treatment. Mechanical or chemical removal may cause more damage and pain or prolong the healing process.

Some life-threatening emergencies in cats are induced by direct absorption or by oral ingestion (through self-grooming) of a toxin after skin exposure. The client should always source veterinary treatment before the bath to be sure the cat does not require medical intervention. Advice is also available to the public via the Pet Poison Helpline about whether the substance is toxic.

Signs such as excessive salivation and foaming may be expected if a scented substance is spilled, but it can also be a sign of toxicity; only a veterinarian knows the right course to take. The cat will require consultation for oesophageal and mucosa damage, depending on the substance. The cat may also need IV fluids, absorbent medication, dialysis, gastric lavage or emesis to expel the toxins, and ongoing supportive care. Do not try to induce vomiting without veterinary advice, as it can damage the cat internally when the substance is expelled.

If a cat presents with these signs, send them straight back to the vet:

  • Depression/lethargy
  • Collapse
  • Vomiting
  • Shaking
  • High or low body temperature
  • Seizure
  • Lack of coordination
  • Neurological signs (looking “drunk”)
  • Rapid, shallow, heavy or no breathing
  • High heart rate
  • Mucous membrane colors are white, purple, blue, pale or deep red
  • Capillary refill time over two seconds
  • Behavioral changes
  • Gastrointestinal issues
  • Pawing at the face
  • Clamping of the jaw
hand reaching out to pet cat's chin
The cat should be monitored throughout the groom and be ready to be taken to the veterinarian at any time. Continue communication with the cat’s veterinarian during the grooming session in case the cat shows any new symptoms.

Removing the contaminating substance begins by breaking it up before it can be removed by shampoo and water. This starts by using a solid surfactant such as dishwashing liquid; be sure to use one without limonene or citrus oils. Use as little water as possible, increasing the water with every wash. 

The cat must be bathed multiple times (as many as 5-10 washes) before a shampoo is used to finish. Generally, the more the cat’s coat soaps up, the less oil or substance remains. Motor oil, for example, will make the color lighter, but it may take weeks to leave the hair shaft altogether.

Always ask the veterinarian before beginning the removal process for the recommended product to use. Removal of the substance does not guarantee that the cat has not been poisoned; the cat still requires monitoring with veterinary care.

poisonous caution sign with cat skull
Some common household poisons include:
  • Mothballs
  • Laundry detergent
  • Permethrin (if higher than 0.1% concentration)
  • Pesticides, rodenticides and insecticides
  • Potpourri
  • Rat and snail bait
  • Human medications like anti-depressants
  • Panadol
  • Ibuprofen
  • Aspirin
  • Antifreeze
  • Lead
To protect yourself, PPE such as gloves, eyewear and masks should always be used when removing any substance in case chemical splashes occur during the removal process. 

If bathing, you must dry the cat completely to avoid hypothermia. Depending on the circumstances and the cat’s stress signs, this can be done either by a high-velocity dryer, in a cage or by air-drying using a heating pad. 

It is essential to keep up to date with your pet first aid and CPR certifications to be able to identify signs of neurotoxicity. If you are not educated in first aid or are not comfortable with helping an emergency case, please refer the client to have this completed under veterinary care.

Lexie Goldsmith teaches an online course, “First Aid for the Cat Groomer,” written by two Certified Vet Nurses and Master Cat Groomers, which helps you bridge the gap between an emergency and veterinary treatment, and includes a more extensive list of common household poisons and what to do in case of poisoning. The course includes a certificate of completion, tests and essay questions. learncatgrooming.com.au/p/first-aid

Grooming Matters
8 facts that make cats...
illustration of a number eight shaped like a grey and white cat
“Uniquely Feline”

by Daryl Conner

Felines are not small dogs in cat suits; every pet groomer worth their salt is familiar with this fact. Some standard dog grooming practices can be dangerous to cats, and most of them have to do with the unique anatomy that felines possess. Here are some interesting facts that separate cat grooming best practices from those of dog grooming and why.

1
Leaving Product on the Coat.

It is not uncommon for dogs to exit a grooming appointment happily sporting some type of product in their fur. It could be a leave-in conditioner, a little detangling spray or mousse, a dusting of chalk or a spritz of cologne. This works just fine because dogs are not the voracious self-groomers that cats are. Cats will ingest any product left on their fur after grooming as they clean themselves. Ideally, cats will be washed and conditioned with feline-safe products, rinsed well and sent home from their spa treatment with clean coats free of residual chemicals or hair care products.

2
Feline-Safe Products.
While we are on the topic of safe products for cats, serious cat groomers need to familiarize themselves with product ingredient lists and learn what is best to use on cats and what to avoid. For instance, products containing citrus oils have been proven to be potentially dangerous when used on cats; however, there are products on the market that contain these oils labeled cat-safe by the manufacturer. There are many other potentially problematic ingredients in products that are labeled as cat-safe, so groomers must educate themselves to feel confident that they are choosing the best grooming products for the cats they care for.
3
Ear Cleaning.
Many ear cleaners designed for dogs contain alcohol as a basic ingredient and may include oils such as peppermint or eucalyptus in their makeup. Because cats will self-groom after having their ears cleaned, they will ingest whatever is in the cleaner, and some of the cleaner may also be absorbed through the skin. Cats are especially sensitive to alcohol, so choosing ear-cleaning products that do not contain any ingredients that may be toxic to cats is important.
4
Liver Anatomy.
Cats lack certain enzymes in their livers that dogs (and humans) have, affecting how their bodies metabolize some chemicals. This fact is directly linked to the above information about choosing safe products. Some cleaning supplies, some insecticides used in flea and tick products, and some essential oils, among other things, are on the list of items that may not be safe when used on or around cats because their livers lack these enzymes and cause the cats to be more sensitive to the chemicals. When in doubt, research to discover if the ingredients are safe for use on felines.
5
Restraint Methods.

It is common practice to secure dogs in the tub or on the table with a grooming loop. These seatbelts of the grooming world prevent excited or anxious pets from launching themselves off a raised surface, keeping them safe while we work. Because of the solid muscular structure of a dog’s neck, the loop is a safe restraint when used with care on normal, healthy dogs. However, a cat’s muscular structure differs from a dog’s and their delicate vertebra can be damaged if they pull on a grooming loop that is around their neck. Cats should be restrained with a figure-eight-style harness or one that loops under the front legs.

6
Anal Glands.

Many pet groomers still routinely express anal glands on dogs they groom. Cats also have anal glands, and healthy cats express some liquid when evacuating their bowels. Experienced cat groomers know that cats will often release their glands when stressed, or sometimes even if the groomer merely lifts the tail to perform a sanitary trim. These delicate structures can become impacted, infected and even rupture. Groomers who note swelling, redness, hairlessness from irritation or other problems should refer the customer to seek veterinary attention for their pet.

Groomers willing to educate themselves about how to groom cats safely and effectively can create a highly lucrative niche for themselves
Groomers willing to educate themselves about how to groom cats safely and effectively can create a highly lucrative niche for themselves
7
Ingrown Claws
A condition uncommonly seen in dogs (except with some dewclaws), cats are prone to having their claws grow to such an extent that they puncture the paw pad and grow deeply into the toe. This is more common in elderly cats, as their claws become thicker with age and the cat may stop grooming their claws to remove the outer layers. Ingrown claws must be terribly painful and the chance of infection is high, which is why it’s important to educate clients on the importance of keeping cats’ claws trimmed.
8
Stud Tail.
Cats sometimes develop a condition at the base of the tail when sebaceous glands become overly active, creating an oily, sometimes smelly condition that can be sensitive or painful to the cat. The thick, oily discharge is impervious to most shampoos. Stud tail is most commonly found in unneutered male cats, but it can also happen in neutered males, females and even dogs. Veterinary treatment is recommended and may include antibacterial cleaners, degreasing cleaners, and sometimes oral antibiotics and anti-inflammatories.

Groomers willing to educate themselves about how to groom cats safely and effectively can create a highly lucrative niche for themselves. There are millions of loved pet cats in the U.S. and not enough knowledgeable groomers who offer the specialized care they require. While they are not little dogs in cat suits, grooming these unique creatures can be a delightful way to earn a living once you become familiar with the best ways to care for them.

Resources
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Self-Care for the Cat Groomer typography
woman on laptop at cluttered desk with cat on pile of papers on stool
by Deborah Hansen
When we think of self-care, we usually think of things we can do outside of work to make our lives better. Surprisingly, though, there are many things we can do while grooming to make our work easier on our bodies and emotional wellbeing.

Simple things such as letting our tools do our work for us, keeping distractions to a minimum, working within our skill level and not being afraid to walk away from a groom are all examples of self-care while grooming. As business owners, setting clear work hours and scheduling time off will help keep us motivated to stay involved in and excited about our grooming business.

Let Your Tools Do the Work
Using your tools in a way that they do your work for you is key to having a long grooming career. For example, letting the water push out dead coat during the bath, then using the air to push more dead coat out while drying has really helped ease the stress on my body during shedding season. To prevent my hands from cramping, using a comb with an ergonomic handle really helps. In addition, shaving a matted cat is much easier on your body and emotional wellbeing than attempting to de-mat; it’s not just a humanity verses vanity issue. While these steps seem simple, you will be surprised how much easier grooming is on your body when you use these techniques.
Clear Your Mind
Having a clear mind at work is very important and is a way to demonstrate self-care while grooming. Cat grooming can be very dangerous. If you are preoccupied with what is going on outside of work, it is easy to miss a sign that the cat is going to strike out. Keeping all distractions out of your grooming area helps you maintain a clear mind while working.

You never know when a distracting text or notification will come up on your phone. If you lose focus for one second, you could easily lose control of the cat you are grooming and become injured. If things are chaotic or stressful outside of work, it is best to reschedule your clients than to risk an injury to yourself or to a cat.

Work Within Your Skill Level
Working within our skill level is another key to self-care while grooming. Pride, reputation, wanting to impress people and needing money are all reasons why we might take on cats that are too dangerous for our skill level. When we attempt to groom these felines that are too difficult, either due to behavior or grooming needs, it causes frustration and increases the risk of injury to ourselves and/or the cat.

If you are ready to expand your skill level, complete more difficult grooms and take on more aggressive cats as clients, seeking an education through an organization that focuses on feline grooming is an important next step. Increasing your education before you increase the difficulty level in the cats you accept as clients will help to keep you safe.

When you make the choice to walk away from a groom, you are choosing your safety and wellbeing over the owner’s desire for you to groom their cat.

It’s OK to Walk Away
Being able to walk away from a groom is not easy, but it is important in caring for ourselves while grooming. When we groom a cat that is too difficult or dangerous, we increase our risk of injury. It is very important to remember that a cat bite can be life-changing. When you make the choice to walk away from a groom, you are choosing your safety and wellbeing over the owner’s desire for you to groom their cat.

I have had many bites over the years. Two of those bites required emergency surgery and a week in the hospital. I know from experience it is far better to walk away from a cat than to continue a groom that has the potential to cause you an injury.

Take Time Off
If you are a grooming business owner, there are things you can do to help manage your stress level, prevent burnout and keep your productivity level higher. As owners, we feel like we must be available 24/7—especially when money is tight. The best strategy I discovered, which I put in place in 2017, is having one day a month with no contact with my business.

I set the second Thursday of the month for my day off so everyone knows I will not be available and no one will be able to reach me on that day. Now I go even further and use no electronic devices on that day. Yes, it was scary at first. Yes, it can be hard. But I found it is a very important part of my success. It gives me time to refocus, prioritize what is important in my life and reset.

If a full day of no contact with your business is too big of a first step, try something smaller like taking a morning off each month.

If a full day of no contact with your business is too big of a first step, try something smaller like taking a morning off each month. You will be amazed at how refreshed you are and how excited you become to return to your business.
Stick to a Schedule
Another tip I have for owners is to set your schedule and stick to it. If you decide to groom Thursday to Monday, do not take a cat on Wednesday. If you decide to work 9:30 a.m. to 3:30 p.m., do not return a call at 4 p.m. People will respect your schedule once you establish it and stick to it. If you make one exception to your schedule, people will expect you to make more and more exceptions.

While self-care is often thought of as practices you can do outside of work, there are many self-care steps we as groomers can take to help us become more productive and to keep us in love with grooming.

Longhaired Cat De-shed typography
the Brown Mackerel Tabby and White Domestic Longhair, Lady, before her grooming and de-shed
Lady, after her groom and de-shed

by Lynn Paolillo

L onghaired cats require regular grooming maintenance to prevent matting, but many are also heavy shedders. This tutorial, demonstrated on Lady, a Brown Mackerel Tabby and White Domestic Longhair that comes in for grooming every 10-12 weeks, shows a full bath, blow-dry and comb-out that gently removes the most dead hair.
Fig 1) Lady can be a bit spicy, so she wears a muzzle right out of the carrier so that I’m not waiting until she is upset and trying to actively bite to take further measures for my own safety.

This style of muzzle allows me to monitor the cat’s face and breathing, and also doesn’t put too much pressure around their whiskers and face. Some cats want to feel hidden and others want to not be touched, so finding an appropriate muzzle for different cats’ needs is imperative.

Fig 2) Nails should be trimmed to an appropriate length by holding the paws in natural positions.

Lady, wearing an astronaut helmet type muzzle that allows monitoring the cat’s face and breathing, and also doesn’t put too much pressure around their whiskers and face
nails are trimmed to an appropriate length by holding a paw in a natural position as Lady lays stomach down on a grooming table
shaving the rear area using a #10
Fig 3) Messy rear ends can be a common occurrence for longhaired cats, so shaving the sanitary area using a #10 keeps the surrounding hair neat and hygienic.

Fig 4) To continue the sanitary trim between the rear legs, I gently but firmly hold the cat across my lap. Quick, deliberate strokes with the clipper limit how long I have to hold the cat while still getting the sanitary trim finished.

Fig 5) Longhaired cats also tend to have long, fluffy hair growing between their paw pads, which are called toe tufts. Using the same #10 blade, skim the hair so that it is trimmed flush with the paw pads. Do not dig in between their paw pads or toes, as their skin is fragile and can be nicked easily.

the cat is held gently but firmly across the lap to continue the sanitary trim between the rear legs
using the same #10 blade, the toe tufts are trimmed flush to the paw pads
Lady is scrubbed with clarifying shampoo while wearing her muzzle in the tub
Fig 6) Moving to the tub, thoroughly wet the coat with warm water all the way through before adding a degreasing or clarifying shampoo. Cats are notoriously oily and need a deep cleansing. Warm water and scrubbing with your fingertips will also help to loosen up dead hair so that it releases more easily.

Fig 7) Hold the water nozzle close to the skin and slightly angled towards the rear. Rinse in the direction the hair grows to “push” the dead hair out. The scrubbing with shampoos, pressure, angle and direction of the water flow will encourage more hair to release in the tub.

Fig 8) Starting at the back and working your way down, use gravity to make sure all areas of the cat are fully rinsed, especially the underside, armpits and between the rear legs.

the shampoo is rinsed off holding the nozzle close to the skin and at a downward angle as Lady sits in the tub
water is rinsed from the underside
Lady getting her face washed as she sits in the tub after her bath
Fig 9) Cat-safe facewash and a washcloth saturated with warm water are great for cats that don’t like to be sprayed around their head or face. Make sure to rinse the washcloth several times so that fresh water is used to remove any product.
Fig 10) Wrap the clean cat in a large towel and gently squeeze out excess water, then switch out to a dry towel so that the cat is not sitting or wrapped in a soaked towel.

Fig 11) Using cotton balls and a cat-safe ear cleaner, gently wipe out each ear. Make sure to remove any visible gunk or debris without digging into the ear canal. Ear cleaners also have a drying agent, so using them after the bath helps to dry any drops of water that might have gotten into the cat’s ears.

Lady is wrapped in in a large towel
using cotton balls and a cat-safe ear cleaner, an ear is gently wiped
Fig 12) A Happy Hoodie or small towel can be wrapped around the cat’s head to wick water away from the head and ears. It can also muffle the loud noises of the blow dryer, making the drying process more pleasant.

Fig 13) Start blow-drying away from the cat’s head and face to blast the bulk of the water off, then hold the nozzle close to the body so that the warm air and force from the HV dryer blows the loosened hair out. Use a similar angle and “pushing” motion as the water nozzle.

a towel wrapped Lady wears a Happy Hoodie while laying on a grooming table
the nozzle is held close to the body creating an area of flattened hair from the force of the HV dryer
Lady lays in a enclosed area being dried by a low speed HV dryer
Fig 14) Since many cats don’t like the dryer blowing around their head and face, options for drying this area include using an HV dryer with a low or variable speed setting, a low-powered dryer model, stand dryer, or by finishing them in a kennel dryer setup. These types of dryers won’t be efficient in getting dead hair to release, so they should only be used for a bit of finish drying.

Fig 15) To keep the rear end clean, you can do a bit of extra trimming of the fluffy hair on the haunches. Hold the cat across your lap and use a ½” comb and vacuum attachment to trim the hair along the back of the rear legs.

with Lady on her lap the groomer does a little extra trimming on the hanuches
with her muzzle back on, Lady has her two front paws held as her underside is combed in a downward direction

Fig 16) Once fully dried, use a large metal comb to comb in the direction the hair grows. For wiggly cats or cats known to swat, gently hold the front paws and lift so that the cat is standing. With their weight shifted to the back paws, it is easier to comb the armpits, belly, tuck-up and front of the rear legs.

Fig 17) Continue with a large metal comb to comb all over, and then use a de-shedding comb to repeat. You’ll be able to use less swipes with the comb to get more loose hair out and the finer comb won’t snag on any larger clumps.

cropped view of the groomers hand holding two metal combs with different tooth spacing as Lady is held in the background
the groomer's hand separates a section of hair to show an area of matting
Fig 18) Slightly larger mats can be combed out by isolating the mat so that the comb doesn’t grab all the hair around it.

Fig 19) Once the mat is isolated, hook the comb underneath the mat and place your other hand on the skin above where the mat is. Holding the skin firm, use one quick motion to tug the clump of dead hair loose and remove the mat. Mats larger than 1” in diameter may be too large to use this technique and may need to be shaved out instead.

as one hand holds the cat skin firm the other combs the isolated matted area out
the slight bald spot beneath the now combed out mat
Fig 20) This hard clump can hide a bald spot underneath from where the mat has pulled the hair from the cat’s skin. Once the mat is removed, the bald spot will be visible underneath.

Fig 21) Once the combs can glide smoothly through the hair without catching, a de-shedding tool can be used on the back and sides. Only use gentle tools that will not cut hair or irritate skin, and always use a very light hand and brush in the direction the hair grows.

Lady is gently de-shed using a special tool
A thorough bath and blow-dry are both gentler and more efficient for de-shedding. Using water and air during the process helps release more dead hair than brushing alone. This approach reduces the risk of skin irritation from brushes and combs and minimizes stress for cats by avoiding excessive handling and tool use.
Derm Connection
A groomer's guide to common cat health concerns

by Dr. Cliff Faver

as a separate species, it’s crucial to recognize that cats can experience different health issues than dogs. However, there is a still a good bit of crossover in the diseases and health concerns we see in the two. But, when it comes to cats, we must differentiate between those who live exclusively indoors and those who venture outdoors or interact with dogs. The latter group—outdoor cats—confront a distinct set of health risks that are not as prevalent among their indoor counterparts, underscoring the need for specialized care.
Outdoor Cat Concerns
Some everyday things we see in outdoor cats are fleas, ticks, mosquitos, mites, pollens/allergens and solar (sun) exposure. These can manifest as hypersensitivity (overreaction or allergy), irritation, itching, sores or infection, in more severe cases. Solar exposure can be especially bad in light-colored cats, which can lead to cancers of the nose, eyelids and ear tips.

When outdoor cats socialize with their peers, the risk of parasites and other issues escalates. One pervasive issue is cat bite abscesses. Due to the sharp, pinpoint nature of a cat’s teeth and the presence of a harmful bacteria called Pasteurella in their mouths, bites often lead to infection/abscess, whether it’s to a cat or a human. As a groomer, it’s vital never to underestimate a cat bite (or even a scratch), as they can result in severe infections, loss of fingers or limbs and, in extreme cases, even death, highlighting the critical nature of this health concern.

Thyroid Disease
All cats, whether indoor or outdoor, are prone to hormonal diseases like thyroid disease and Cushing’s disease (adrenal gland over-secreting). Thyroid disease in cats is different from dogs in most cases because, in dogs, most of the time the thyroid production is low or there is a lack of thyroid hormone being produced at all (hypothyroidism); whereas, in cats, it usually is an over-secretion of thyroid hormone (hyperthyroidism). Even the symptoms are almost the opposite. With hypothyroid, dogs get lethargic, fat and lose hair. Cats with hyperthyroidism eat constantly, lose weight, are commonly frantic (with the food bowl, if nothing else) and they also lose hair.

Hyperthyroidism in cats is a condition that can easily be controlled with medicine, but is life-threatening if left untreated. Treating the hyperthyroid controls the progression of the disease, but hair-growth protocols are often needed to return the hair to normal.

Hyperthyroidism in cats is a condition that can easily be controlled with medicine, but is life-threatening if left untreated.

Stud Tail

“Stud Tail” (tail gland hyperplasia) is a condition that is considered by some to be hormonal, but even though it is called stud tail, it can be seen in females and neutered males. The area affected is a group of concentrated sebaceous glands at the base of the tail, which become overactive, leading to oily debris, scales, matting and sometimes infection.

The best way to address this problem is using a condition-shampoo-condition (close-open-close) process to break down the old sebum (first conditioning step), followed by a shampoo stage to remove the top layer of old sebum, and then a very hydrating/soothing conditioner in the second conditioning stage. Degreasing the area is not recommended because it is irritating and will tend to get a rebound-sebum-production effect as a response. Bathing may need to be done twice weekly to weekly to settle down and quiet the irritated glands.

Psychogenic Dermatitis/Alopecia
A syndrome we see in cats that is confusing and frustrating to deal with is psychogenic dermatitis/alopecia. This condition is where cats randomly start chewing or pulling out hair (mainly on their stomach area) for no apparent reason. Many different treatments have been trialed but there doesn’t seem to be a consistent response to any of them.

With the aggressive way the cats chew and pull out hair, the most obvious conclusion is that it may be allergic in nature. They tend to be only moderately responsive to steroids and anti-inflammatories (varying from cat to cat), leading us to believe another underlying issue exists. Conditioning with a good hydrating conditioner may not be curative but will help soothe the issue.

Lack of Self-Grooming
Allergies of all types are among the skin issues cats face and, occasionally, we will even see diseases like SA (sebaceous adenitis). However, one of the more common grooming issues in cats is when they cease grooming themselves, leading to secondary matting. Unlike their dog counterparts, cats groom themselves with their barbed tongue, which, when everything is in a normal state, leaves the coat beautiful and well “combed.” When things get out of balance, cats often stop grooming because it hurts to try running their tongue through the mats, just like combing/brushing a matted dog.
Many factors can contribute to this issue, but the primary reason is that the coat has lost its sebum layer over the hair, the plaques have opened up and the hair will mat, almost like Velcro, underscoring the necessity of regular grooming to maintain a sebum layer. Metabolic diseases (liver, kidney or hormonal disease), dry environmental conditions, arthritis, harsh/degreasing shampoos and lack of correct conditioning can also create this condition.

The good news is that if the coatis restored, most cats will return to grooming, if capable. With many of these disease processes occurring later in life, some cats lose the ability to groom themselves because of obesity or arthritis and will need to be groomed regularly to avoid this condition.

Although cats tend to have fewer hair and skin issues than dogs, they do still benefit from proper, routine grooming to keep their hair and skin healthy.

Dr. Cliff Faver graduated with a BS in Biology/BA in Chemistry before getting a Veterinary degree in 1987. He is the past owner of Animal Health Services in Cave Creek, Arizona and now the US distributor for Iv San Bernard products, teaches the ISB Pet Aesthetician Certification program, and speaks internationally on hair and skin. His passion is to merge groomers and veterinarians to aid in helping and healing pets. He is also a member of AVMA, AAHA, AZVMA, Board member with Burbank Kennel Club, and has served on Novartis Lead Committee, Hill’s International Global Veterinary Board, and a Veterinary Management Group.

Elevate Your Grooming
New Client Check-In: A Process for Success typography

by Blake Hernandez

Blake Hernandez sits on a tile floor beside a large full book shelf while sticking his hand into a partially open black mesh container holding a new cat client
Checking in a pet is a crucial part of the grooming process—especially for first-time clients. The following will cover a first-time check-in for both a cat and a dog, including what questions should be asked and how to interpret client answers, as well as the physical check-in process for a cat.

New Dog Client

How often do you get your dog professionally groomed?

I always use the term “professionally groomed” because I don’t want them to include the times their 11-year-old child bathes the dog with a hose. I want to know when the dog was last legitimately dried to the skin.

This also lets me know how short I need to go in order for the coat to not be too long and matting by their next appointment.

Remember, clients will usually exaggerate. If they tell me “once every couple months,” that usually means every four months.

What is your dog’s lifestyle like?

The answer to this question will allow you to gage what condition the dog’s coat will be in and what adjustments you may need to make to the groom based on your local climate and environment, combined with the dog’s regular activities.
For example, a dog that hikes in California during the summer needs to have really tight feet and checked between the toes for foxtails as opposed to a dog that goes to the beach in California that comes in matted, which you wouldn’t want to pre-shave because the coat would instantly dull your blades.

When a client says that their dog doesn’t do anything that means they’ll be seeing a lot of the bottom of their paw pads while they’re being a couch potato.

What is the one thing you don’t want to see me do today?
Your clients are not groomers and most have not spent a great amount of time considering every inch of their dog’s style. Do not overwhelm them! Cut straight to the point and find out what they would leave a bad review about. Everything else is forgivable.

For example, they may say to never trim their ears or tail; or maybe their cocker keeps the toupee up top. Trust me, this is the easiest way to keep your bases covered in the customer satisfaction game.

New Cat Client
For cats, my questions are generally the same; however, the physical check-in process is usually more telling than the client’s answers to my verbal questions.
How long has it been since your cat was professionally groomed?
I expect cats to be on schedules shorter than dogs but I still want the client to potentially open up about previous appointments and their degree of success, and maybe some things to watch out for.
How long has it been since your cat was professionally groomed?
I expect cats to be on schedules shorter than dogs but I still want the client to potentially open up about previous appointments and their degree of success, and maybe some things to watch out for.

What is your cat’s lifestyle like?

Basically find out if it’s indoor, outdoor or both. Cats that spend time outside are more prone to having fleas or even scratches and bites from other cats underneath the coat that the owner doesn’t know about. It is best to be conscious of these things and inform the customer accordingly.
What is the one thing that you don’t want to see me do today?
For the same reason as dogs, I believe this is key to preventing customers from leaving bad reviews and instead singing your praises because they feel heard.
The Physical Check-In
Cats have way more flight than they have fight; in fact, they usually just fight long enough to figure out a way to flee. That is why, when checking in a cat, I get on the floor with my legs straddled in order to create a visual block and give the cat less chance of flying past you (Fig 1). I will reach in and pull the cat out, even with the top-opening style carrier, so there are less escape routes. The cats usually recognize this and stay put.

The next series of pictures (Figs 2-9) were taken within two to three seconds total. The goal is to sweep across the cat’s body in a fluid motion, touching each area that might cause the cat to become aggressive when touched. Any negative reaction to an area may be an indicator that the cat is too much for your level of cat-handling skills, or simply alert you to areas of concern when handling the cat later in the groom.

cropped view of the groomers head sweep
next the neck area checked
the lower back is checked
the rear and base of the tail are checked
the tail is checked
the rear left leg is checked
the front left leg is checked
the lower abdomen is checked
By following these steps for checking in new clients, you’ll be better prepared for the groom, and it also puts you and the pet owner on the same page so there are no surprises.
Yes, Dear…
Frankie typography with an image of a short haired tuxedo cat wearing a green Hawaiian shirt and green tinted round rim glasses sitting in a beach setting

by Anjie Coates
Photo by Anjie Coates

  • Frankie is a Domestic Shorthair cat and a regular of mine. He’s very large, and due to his size, his owner cannot lift him in a crate so he walks on a leash.
  • Cat
    The door opens and Frankie struts in: “I’m here! I’m here!”
  • Scissors
    “I see that. I need to talk to your Mom for a minute and then we can get started,” I tell him.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “OK, I’ll be on my table.”
  • Cat
    Frankie walks into the cat room on his flexi leash while his owner is still holding it by the front desk. The leash lifts off the ground and is now the height of the doorknob.
  • Frankie: “I’m waiting!”
  • Scissors
    “I’ll be right there, buddy,” I assure him.

  • “Are we doing nails last today or first?” I ask.”
  • Cat
    Frankie stretches his toes and sinks them into the anti-fatigue mat on the table: “Last.”
  • Scissors
    “OK, well let’s get you cleaned up then, shall we?” I propose.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “I need love first.”
  • Palm trees against a sunset
  • Scissors
    “Of course,” I reply as I rub his face.
  • Cat
    Frankie purrs and kneads the table.
  • Scissors
    “We good now? Can we get you washed up?” I ask.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “I suppose.”
  • Scissors
    “OK, face first. Let me see,” I tell him.
  • Cat
    Frankie lifts his face to me and shuts his eyes as I wash his head.
  • Scissors
    “OK, stand up for me. I need to get your underside,” I say.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “What if I just lie down? I think that would be easier.”
  • Scissors
    “It would be easier for you, but you’re kind of heavy so it wouldn’t be easier for me,” I reply.
  • aviator sunglasses vector illustration
  • Cat
    Frankie: “If I must…” as he stands and we proceed with the bathing process.
  • Scissors
    “OK, buddy, you’re ready for the table. Now you can lay down,” I tell him.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “Finally.”
  • Scissors
    I slide a Happy Hoodie on his head and fix his whiskers after drying him with a towel.
  • Scissors
    “Your favorite part, buddy,” I say.
  • Cat
    Frankie rolls into a loaf on the table and digs his claws in.
  • Scissors
    I start the HV dryer and his back end shoots up from the table and wiggles around trying to get in the path of the air.
  • a beach umbrella in sand over a beach ball and green striped flip-flops
  • Scissors
    “Frankie, I’m trying to get you dry from the top down,” I exclaim.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “Bum first!”
  • Scissors
    “OK, bum first,” I submit as I dry his back end as it sways to and fro.
  • Scissors
    I finish drying him while my assistant cleans his ears and occasionally wipes the happy drool from his face and unhooks a nail when one gets caught while he’s kneading.
  • Scissors
    “You purr almost as loud as the dryer,” I say.
  • Cat
    Frankie rolls on his side and then almost entirely on his back and continues to knead the air.
  • Scissors
    “OK, nails and then you’re done. You want to roll back onto your belly?” I ask.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “No. I’m good.”
  • Scissors
    “OK. But then I’ll need you to sit upright again,” I tell him.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “Fine.”
  • Scissors
    I trim his nails and do a light sanitary trim, then say, “OK, Frankie, let’s head to the picture room.”
  • Cat
    Frankie: “Carry me.”
  • Scissors
    “I always do,” I reply.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “What am I wearing today?”
  • Scissors
    I offer him a few costumes and chooses the green Hawaiian shirt and shoves his head inside of it.
  • Scissors
    I put the sunglasses on him and take a few pictures.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “Am I handsome?”
  • Scissors
    “You are stunning,” I assure him as I hear the door chime.
  • seagull vector illustration
  • Cat
    Frankie: “Is Mom here?”
  • Scissors
    “She is. You ready?” I ask.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “I suppose.”
  • Scissors
    I clip his leash on and carry him out to the front room where I greet his owner and offer to carry him to the car.
  • Cat
    Frankie: “I need to get down. I have to leave my mark.”
  • Scissors
    “No, buddy, you’re done. I’m going to put you in the car for your Mom,” I explain.
  • Cat
    Frankie wiggles and squirms until I put him down. He runs over to the floor mats and begins wiping his front feet on each of the six mats that line the front room. Once he finishes with the last one he looks up at me: “OK, now carry me.”
  • Scissors
    And I reply,
  • Yes Dear typography over a vector illustration of a crashing wave
Barkleigh Show Schedule with colorful illustration of the United States of America map
Pet Pro Cruise – Western Caribbean
1/4/2025 – 1/10/2025
Port Canaveral, Florida
www.barkleigh.com/shows
Groom Expo West
2/13/2025 – 2/16/2025
Pasadena, California
www.groomexpowest.com
Intergroom
3/20/2025 – 3/23/2025
Secaucus, New Jersey
www.intergroom.com
Northwest Grooming Show
4/24/2025 – 4/27/2025
Tacoma, Washington
www.nwgroom.com
PetQuest
6/26/2025 – 6/29/2025
Wilmington, Ohio
www.pqgroom.com
Groom Texas
7/18/2025 – 7/20/2025
Houston, Texas
www.txgroom.com
All American Grooming Show
8/15/2024 – 8/18/2024
Schaumburg, Illinois
www.aagroom.com
Groom Expo
9/5/2024 – 9/8/2024
Hershey, Pennsylvania
www.groomexpo.com
New England Grooming Show
9/26/2024 – 9/29/2024
Springfield, Massachusetts
www.newenglandgrooms.com
Fun in the Sun
10/10/2024 – 10/13/2024
Orlando, Florida
www.FitsGroom.com
Pet Boarding & Daycare Expo
11/4/2024 – 11/7/2024
Hershey, Pennsylvania
www.petboardingexpo.com
Heart of America Grooming Show
Coming 2025
Kansas City, Missouri
www.heartgrooming.com
Pet Boarding & Daycare Expo West
Coming 2025
Las Vegas, Nevada
www.petboardingexpowest.com
World Groom Online
See Online Schedule for More Details
www.worldgroom.dog
For More Information
New Products
Tangle Teezer Cat Grooming Brush product image
TANGLE TEEZER CAT GROOMING BRUSH

Tangle Teezer’s Pet Teezer Detangling and Deshedding Brushes collection includes their Cat Grooming Brush, which is designed to groom, massage, and bond with furry felines. Perfect for short- to medium-length fur, regular use will keep cats’ fur healthy and manageable. Using unique, two-tiered teeth technology that’s gentle on cats’ fur and skin, the long teeth gently detangle and remove knots, while the shorter teeth remove loose hairs and smooth the fur. The fun paw-shaped design makes it easy to use and hold, and it can be used on wet or dry hair. us.tangleteezer.com

Pet Eyez™ Vitamin Treats for Cats product image
PET EYEZ™ VITAMIN TREATS FOR CATS
The nutrients in Pet Eyez Vitamin Treats for Cats have anti-inflammatory and antioxidative benefits to help stop the buildup of tear stains on cats’ faces. Studies have also shown benefits ranging from improvement in dry eyes, allergy eyes, glaucoma, cataracts, and ocular disease, as well as retina protection/nourishment. The freeze-dried treats are made with antioxidants and natural ingredients that are safe for pets, and taste great. The 1-oz. pouches are available in chicken, beef, whitefish, and lamb flavor. Wholesale and retail displays are also available for purchase. peteyez.com

Call (717) 691-3388 ext 224 to place a Classified. Rates: 25 words or less, $50.00. Each additional word, $2.00 each. Classified ads must be prepaid. Call for issue deadlines. Agency discounts do not apply.

Happy Hoodie Advertisement

CLASSIFIEDS

Retiring owner, after 33 years, busy established dog grooming business

  • Loyal customer base
  • New clientele every week
  • Fully equipped grooming stations
  • Prime location in Chicagoland area
  • Desirable location in upper-middle-class neighborhood
  • Has capacity to accomodate additional groomers; spacious, bright, clean, and open shop
  • Designated, private, cat grooming area
  • Laundry
  • Office
  • Hassle-free parking

Call broker Larry at 630.796.0070, EXT: 1, for more details. Email: lswanson@tworld.com

Wisdom & Grace bible verse (John 1-4) sentence with a red flamed heat floating in the air and brown cross symbol floating above the heart with nine ray beam sun shaped lights in the distance
Groomer To Groomer masthead
Thanks for reading our August 2024 issue!